ORSSerialPort is my take on a modern, easy-to-use Objective-C serial port library. It's a simple, Cocoa-like set of Objective-C classes useful for programmers writing Objective-C Cocoa apps that must communicate with external devices through a serial port (most commonly RS-232). Using ORSSerialPort to open a port and send data can be as simple as this:
Read and Write From Serial Port With Raspberry Pi: In this tutorial we will see how to use the serial port on Raspberry Pi. We will use the serial port available on Raspberry with a RS232/TTL 3-5,5V adapter and a USB-serial adapter. By default the Raspberry Pi’s serial port is configured to be u. Mac = false This function converts the serial numbers that Excel use to represent dates, into a serial Julian number, which is standard adopted by the CodeCogs library. Mar 15, 2020 ORSSerialPort is an easy-to-use Objective-C serial port library for macOS. It is useful for programmers writing Objective-C or Swift Mac apps that communicate with external devices through a serial port (most commonly RS-232). You can use ORSSerialPort to write apps that connect to Arduino projects.
ORSSerialPort is released under an MIT license, meaning you're free to use it in both closed and open source projects. However, even in a closed source project, you must include a publicly-accessible copy of ORSSerialPort's copyright notice, which you can find in the LICENSE file.
If you have any questions about, suggestions for, or contributions to ORSSerialPort, please contact me. I'd also love to hear about any cool projects you're using it in.
The ORSSerialPort library consists of only two classes:
ORSSerialPort
and ORSSerialPortManager
. To begin using ORSSerialPort in your project, simply drag the files in the 'Source' folder into your Xcode project. ORSSerialPort.h/m are required, while ORSSerialPortManager.h/m are optional, but useful (see below). Next, add #import 'ORSSerialPort.h'
and #import 'ORSSerialPortManager.h'
to the top of the source code files in which you'd like to use ORSSerialPort.ORSSerialPort can be used in applications targeting Mac OS X 10.6.8 and later. However, due to its use of ARC (see note below) it must be compiled on a machine running Mac OS X Lion with the LLVM 3.0 or later compiler, which is included in Xcode 4.2 and later.
Important Note: ORSSerialPort relies on Automatic Reference Counting (ARC). If you'd like to use it in a non-ARC project, you'll need to open the 'Compile Sources' build phase for the target(s) you're using it in, and add the -fobjc-arc flag to the 'Compiler Flags' column for ORSSerialPort.m and ORSSerialPortManager.m. ORSSerialPort will generate a compiler error if ARC is not enabled.
Opening a Port and Setting It Up
You can get an
ORSSerialPort
instance either of two ways. The easiest is to use ORSSerialPortManager
's availablePorts
array (explained below). The other way is to get a new ORSSerialPort
instance using the serial port's BSD device path:Note that you must give
+serialPortWithPath:
the full callout ('cu.*') path to the device, as shown in the example above.Each instance of
ORSSerialPort
represents a serial port device. That is, there is a 1:1 correspondence between port devices on the system and instances of ORSSerialPort
. That means that repeated requests for a port object for a given device or device path will return the same instance of ORSSerialPort
.After you've got a port instance, you can open it with the
-open
method. When you're done using the port, close it using the -close
method.Port settings such as baud rate, number of stop bits, parity, and flow control settings can be set using the various properties
ORSSerialPort
provides. Note that all of these properties are Key Value Observing (KVO) compliant. This KVO compliance also applies to read-only properties for reading the state of the CTS, DSR and DCD pins. Among other things, this means it's easy to be notified when the state of one of these pins changes, without having to continually poll them, as well as making them easy to connect to a UI with Cocoa bindings.Sending Data
Send data by passing an
NSData
object to the -sendData:
method:Receiving Data
To receive data, you must implement the
ORSSerialPortDelegate
protocol's -serialPort:didReceiveData:
method, and set the ORSSerialPort
instance's delegate property. As noted below, this method is always called on the main queue. An example implementation is included below:ORSSerialPortDelegate
ORSSerialPort
includes a delegate property, and a delegate protocol called ORSSerialPortDelegate
. The ORSSerialPortDelegate
protocol includes two required methods:Also included are 3 optional methods:
Note: All
ORSSerialPortDelegate
methods are always called on the main queue. If you need to handle them on a background queue, you must dispatch your handling to a background queue in your implementation of the delegate method.As its name implies,
-serialPort:didReceiveData:
is called when data is received from the serial port. Internally, ORSSerialPort receives data on a background queue to avoid burdening the main queue with waiting for data. As with all other delegate methods, -serialPort:didReceiveData:
is called on the main queue.-serialPortserialPortWasRemovedFromSystem:
is called when a serial port is removed from the system, for example because a USB to serial adapter was unplugged. This method is required because you must release your reference to an ORSSerialPort
instance when it is removed. The behavior of ORSSerialPort
instances whose underlying serial port has been removed from the system is undefined.The three optional methods' function can easily be discerned from their name. Note that
-serialPort:didEncounterError:
is always used to report errors. None of ORSSerialPort's methods take an NSError object passed in by reference.ORSSerialPortManager
is a singleton class (one instance per application) that can be used to get a list of available serial ports. It will also handle closing open serial ports when the Mac goes to sleep, and reopening them automatically on wake. This prevents problems I've seen with serial port drivers that can hang if the port is left open when putting the machine to sleep. Note that using ORSSerialPortManager
is optional. It provides some nice functionality, but only ORSSerialPort
is necessary to simply send and received data.Using
ORSSerialPortManager
is simple. To get the shared serial port manager:To get a list of available ports:
ORSSerialPortManager
is Key-Value Observing (KVO) compliant for its availablePorts
property. This means that you can observe availablePorts
to be notified when ports are added to or removed from the system. This also means that you can easily bind UI elements to the serial port manager's availablePorts
property using Cocoa-bindings. This makes it easy to create a popup menu that displays available serial ports and updates automatically, for example.ORSSerialPortManager
's close-on-sleep, reopen-on-wake functionality is automatic. The only thing necessary to enable it is to make sure that the singleton instance of ORSSerialPortManager
has been created by calling +sharedSerialPortManager
at least once.Included with ORSSerialPort is a demo application called ORSSerialPortDemo. This is a very simple serial terminal program. It demonstrates how to use ORSSerialPort, and may also be useful for simple testing of serial hardware.
ORSSerialPortDemo includes a dropdown menu containing all available ports on the system, controls to set baud rate, parity, number of stop bits, and flow control settings. Also included are two text fields. One is for typing characters to be sent to the serial port, the other for displaying received characters. Finally, it includes checkboxes corresponding to the RTS, DTR, CTS, DSR, and DCD pins. For the output pins (RTS, DTR), their state can be toggled using their checkbox. The input pins (CTS, DSR, DCD) are read only.
The demo application demonstrates that it is possible to setup and use a serial port with ORSSerialPort without writing a lot of 'glue' code. Nearly all of the UI is implemented using Cocoa bindings. With the exception of two lines in ORSAppDelegate.m, the source code for entire application is contained in ORSSerialPortDemoController.h/m.
U.S. ISSN Center, Library of Congress
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
Serials Defined
Serials are print or non-print publications issued in parts, usually bearingissue numbers and/or dates. A serial is expected to continue indefinitely. Serialsinclude magazines, newspapers, annuals (such as reports, yearbooks, and directories),journals,memoirs, proceedings, transactions of societies, and monographicseries.
International Standard Serial Numbering
The various and constant changes to which serials are subject, combined withthe large growth in the world's publishing output, prompted the development ofa standard (ISO 3297-1975; ANSI Z39.9-1979) for the identification of serials:the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN).
A single ISSN uniquely identifies a title regardless of language or country in which published, without the burden of a complex bibliographic description. The ISSN itself has no significance other than the unique identification of a serial.
An ISSN is eight digits long. Always displayed this way: ISSN 1234-5679, the first seven digits serve as the title number and the eighth is a check digit which provides an efficient means for discovering transcription errors. The system used for calculating the check digit sometimes requires a check number of 10, in which case, to prevent a nine-digit ISSN, the roman numeral 'X' is substituted.
For each serial with an ISSN there is a corresponding 'key title'--a commonly acceptable form of the title established at the time of ISSN assignment. The title provides a benchmark which serves to regulate the assignment of ISSN: if the title of a serial changes, a new ISSN must be assigned.
Administration of ISSN
The coordination of the ISSN is international, with registration initiated at the national level where serials are published. The U.S. ISSN Center within the Library of Congress serves the United States in the ISSN network. The ISSN International Centre located in Paris coordinates the network. The U.S. ISSN Center is responsible for registering and providing ISSN for serials published in the United States and for promoting use of the ISSN.
Advantages of Use
The ISSN should be as basic a part of a serial as the title. The advantages ofusing it are abundant and the more the number is used the more benefits willaccrue.
- ISSN provides a useful and economical method of communication between publishers and suppliers, making trade distribution systems faster and more efficient.
- The ISSN results in accurate citing of serials by scholars, researchers, abstracters, and librarians.
- As a standard numeric identification code, the ISSN is eminently suitable for computer use in fulfilling the need for file update and linkage, retrieval, and transmittal of data.
- ISSN is used in libraries for identifying titles, ordering and checking in, and claiming serials.
- ISSN simplifies interlibrary loan systems and union catalog reporting and listing.
- The U.S. Postal Service uses the ISSN to regulate certain publications mailed at second-class and controlled circulation rates.
- The ISSN is an integral component of the journal article citation used to monitor payments to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc.
- All ISSN registrations are maintained in an international data base and are made available in the ISSN Register online. The ISSN portal and other products are described in a document maintained by the ISSN International Centre: ISSN products
How to Obtain ISSN
Instructions for U.S. publishers:
The assignment of the ISSN is free in the U.S. and there is no charge associated with its use. (However, the Library of Congress incurs substantial costs to staff and maintain the U.S. ISSN Center. Additionally, the Library of Congress is assessed a considerable fee to belong to the ISSN Network.)
C++ Serial Port Library
An ISSN application form. may be completed online. Enter the required information and then email or fax the form (in the interests of conserving paper and bandwidth, please limit faxes or email attachments to no more than five pages), or mail the application by U.S. mail or private carrier. A suitable representation of the publication must accompany the application. For print serials a sample issue or photocopy of the title page, cover, or masthead should be provided. For electronic serials in a tangible form such as CD-ROM or floppy disk, an actual issue and printouts of title screens should be submitted. For online serials, provide an appropriate URL or e-mail actual issues or mock-ups which will accompany the application form to [email protected].
C++ Serial Library
When requesting an ISSN for an already-published serial, send a sample issue or copy of the cover, title page, and masthead as appropriate to the ISSN Publisher Liaison Section at the address below.
Except for microform reproductions, separate ISSN are generally required for serials issued in different physical formats, (e.g., print, CD-ROM, online, etc.). Separate ISSN are also required for serials issued in different language, geographic, or audience editions. Please complete a separate application form for each edition or note the different editions in the 'Additional information, comments, questions' section of the application form.
For prepublication requests, a mock-up or artist's conception of the same identifying parts of the publication should be sent, if possible. In these 'v. 1, no. 1' cases, a follow-up sample issue or surrogate of the actual serial must be sent directly to the ISSN Publisher Liaison Section after publication has begun.
C++ Serial Library Macon Ga
To fulfill its purpose, the ISSN should be displayed prominently on every issue, preferably in the top right corner of the cover. It is acceptable, however, for the number to appear elsewhere on the publication (usually in the masthead area). Various user groups--particularly the U.S. Postal Service--have specific printing regulations which must be adhered to.
If the serial has an International Standard Book Number (ISBN) for the individual volumes within a series, in addition to the ISSN for the series as a whole, the two numbers should appear together, each with its own prefix. The ISSN should be printed right after the title of the series, both in books and in advertising pieces.
It is appropriate for both ISBN and ISSN to be assigned to certain other types of publications, most notably annuals and other directories or reference publications. The ISBN identifies the particular year or edition, the ISSN identifies the ongoing serial.
C Serial Library Mac Torrent
ISSN should appear on publisher's advertisements (both direct mail and space adds) and catalogs, on the serials themselves, and in all other places where details of books and serials normally appear.
Changes Affecting ISSN
Serials often undergo changes, many of which result in a change of title. When this occurs a new ISSN must be assigned. The earlier ISSN is not discarded, however, because it is a permanent attribute of the serial when it was issued under the earlier title. To avoid printing an incorrect ISSN, publishers must notify the ISSN Publisher Liaison Section in advance of a pending title change--especially one affecting the cover title (which is often the source for the key title). The notification will be treated as a request for a new ISSN and the procedure is the same as that for the original ISSN request. Other changes to a serial such as those of imprint and frequency do not affect the ISSN assignment.
Display and careful use of the ISSN will help in the world-wide effort to make the number achieve its intended role as a valuable means of identifyingserials.
Library of Congress
ISSN Publisher Liaison Section
101 Independence Avenue, S.E.
Washington, D.C. 20540-4284
Tel.: (202) 707-6452
Fax: (202) 707-6333
Email: [email protected]
ISSN Publisher Liaison Section
101 Independence Avenue, S.E.
Washington, D.C. 20540-4284
Tel.: (202) 707-6452
Fax: (202) 707-6333
Email: [email protected]
Go to:
Library ofCongress
Library of Congress Help Desk(February 19, 2010)
Library of Congress Help Desk(February 19, 2010)